Lithium ion battery

A lithium-ion battery or Li-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery in which lithium ions move from the negative electrodde to the positive electrode during discharge and back when charging.It can use an intercalated lithium compound as one electrode material, compared to the metalic lithium used in a non rechargeable lithium battery The electrolyte, which allows for ionic movement

CHARACTERISTICS OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERY USING VARIOUS CHEMISTRIES

Chemistry Anode/cathode	Cell voltage Max/nom	Ah/gm Anode/cathode	Energy density Wh/kg	Cycle life (deep)	Thermal stability
Graphite/ NiCoMnO2	4.2/3.6	0.36/.18	100-170	2000-3000	fairly stable
Graphite/ Mn spinel	4.0/3.6	0.36/.11	100-120	1000	fairly stable
Graphite/ NiCoAlO2	4.2/3.6	0.36/.18	100-150	2000-3000	least stable
Graphite/ iron phosphate	3.65/ 3.25	0.36/.16	90-115	>3000	stable
Lithium titanate/ Mn spinel	2.8/2.4	0.18/.11	60-75	>5000	most stable

TEMPERATURE

LI-ion batteries offer good charging performnce at cooler temperature and may even allow fast charging with in a temperature range of 5-45°c (41-113 F)

PERFORMANCE

Specific energy density : 100 to 250 W.h/kg (360 to 900 kJ/kg)

Volumetric energy density : 250 to 620 W·h/L(900 to 2230 J/cm³)

Specific power density : 300 to 1500 W/kg (at 20 seconds and 285 W·h/L)

USES

Li-ion batteries provide lightweight, high energy density power sources for a variety of devices

Portable devices : these include smrt phones,laptops,digital cameras,caamcorders ,electronics cigrets etc

Power tools : Li-ion batteries are used in tools such as cordless drills,sanders,saw etc

Electric Vehicles : including Electric cars hybrid vehicles, electric bicycles,personal transportes etc

SAFETY

If overheated or overcharged, Li-ion batteries may suffer thermal runaway .and cell rupture. In extreme cases this can lead to leakage, explosion or fire. To reduce these risks, many lithium-ion cells (and battery packs) contain fail-safe circuitry that disconnects the battery when its voltage is outside the safe range of 3–4.2 V per cell